[FieldLookupBackend] limit iexact to string fields (#12569)

Change:
- Case-insensitive search only makes sense on strings, so check the
  type of the field we are searching and ensure it is a string field
  (TextField, CharField, or some subclass thereof).

- This prevents a 500 error when a user uses iexact on, e.g., an
  integer field. Now, a 400 Bad Request is returned instead.

Test Plan:
- Added simple unit tests for iexact

Tickets:
- Fixes #9222

Signed-off-by: Rick Elrod <rick@elrod.me>

awx/api/filters.py

@@ -232,6 +232,9 @@ class FieldLookupBackend(BaseFilterBackend):
                 re.compile(value)
             except re.error as e:
                 raise ValueError(e.args[0])
+        elif new_lookup.endswith('__iexact'):
+            if not isinstance(field, (CharField, TextField)):
+                raise ValueError(f'{field.name} is not a text field and cannot be filtered by case-insensitive search')
         elif new_lookup.endswith('__search'):
             related_model = getattr(field, 'related_model', None)
             if not related_model:
@@ -258,8 +261,8 @@ class FieldLookupBackend(BaseFilterBackend):
             search_filters = {}
             needs_distinct = False
             # Can only have two values: 'AND', 'OR'
-            # If 'AND' is used, an iterm must satisfy all condition to show up in the results.
+            # If 'AND' is used, an item must satisfy all conditions to show up in the results.
-            # If 'OR' is used, an item just need to satisfy one condition to appear in results.
+            # If 'OR' is used, an item just needs to satisfy one condition to appear in results.
             search_filter_relation = 'OR'
             for key, values in request.query_params.lists():
                 if key in self.RESERVED_NAMES:

awx/main/tests/unit/api/test_filters.py

@@ -79,6 +79,19 @@ def test_invalid_field():
     assert 'is not an allowed field name. Must be ascii encodable.' in str(excinfo.value)
 
 
+def test_valid_iexact():
+    field_lookup = FieldLookupBackend()
+    value, new_lookup, _ = field_lookup.value_to_python(JobTemplate, 'project__name__iexact', 'foo')
+    assert 'foo' in value
+
+
+def test_invalid_iexact():
+    field_lookup = FieldLookupBackend()
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
+        field_lookup.value_to_python(Job, 'id__iexact', '1')
+    assert 'is not a text field and cannot be filtered by case-insensitive search' in str(excinfo.value)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('lookup_suffix', ['', 'contains', 'startswith', 'in'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('password_field', Credential.PASSWORD_FIELDS)
 def test_filter_on_password_field(password_field, lookup_suffix):